Using a processor to program a semiconductor memory

ABSTRACT

A memory programmer may be coupled through a first processor and a physical interface to a semiconductor memory to be programmed. The interface may be the same interface that allows two separate processors in a multiprocessor memory to communicate with one another in one embodiment. Thus, an independent memory bus coupled directly to the memory components to be programmed may be eliminated, reducing form factor, decreasing costs, and increasing manufacturing throughput in some embodiments of the present invention.

BACKGROUND

This invention relates generally to programming semiconductor memories.

Many microprocessors are utilized in embedded applications, such asautomobile systems, stereo systems, watches, personal digitalassistants, a variety of smart industrial machines, and smarttelephones, to mention a few examples. In many of these embeddedapplications, microprocessors need to exchange large amounts of datawith other microprocessors, system level peripherals, and externalservers. In addition, a large amount of data of different types may beexchanged from processors, including both command and controlinformation, databases, streaming data, and large file transfers.

A high speed serial link may be utilized to enable communicationsbetween embedded processors. One such high speed link is called theMobile Scalable Link (MSL) available from Intel Corporation, SantaClara, Calif. The MSL may reduce the bottleneck of data exchangedbetween general purpose application processors and baseband processorsin next-generation hand held mobile devices such as smart phones andpersonal digital assistants. A number of semiconductor memories may becoupled to application processors.

Generally those memories are programmed through a memory bus coupleddirectly to the packaging for the integrated semiconductor memory. Thememory bus includes a large number of pins, increasing the size of theintegrated circuit package for the memory and the cost of the overallsystem.

Thus, there is a need for alternate ways to program semiconductormemories in processor-based integrated circuit systems.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a system depiction of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic depiction of one embodiment of the serial linkshown in FIG. 1 in accordance with one embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 3 is a software stack for one embodiment of the serial link shownin FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart for software for one embodiment of the presentinvention; and

FIG. 5 is a partial top plan view of another embodiment of the presentinvention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring to FIG. 1, a system 10 may be a mobile embedded system in oneembodiment of the present invention. The system 10 may include anapplication or general purpose processor 22 coupled through a physicalinterface 24 to a board or socket 21. The processor 22 may be anembedded processor in one embodiment.

In some embodiments, a second processor, not shown in FIG. 1, may becoupled to that board or socket 21. In one implementation of the presentinvention, the application processor 22 may operate through theinterface 24 to exchange data with an onboard or in-socket basebandprocessor not shown in FIG. 1. Applications for such systems includesmart telephones, cell phones, and personal digital assistants, tomention a few examples.

The application processor 22 may be an integrated circuit with internalmemory 20 in one embodiment of the present invention. The applicationprocessor 22 and internal memory 20 may communicate with an integratedmemory component 18. Thus, a stacked component or multi-componentpackage (MCP) 12 may include the packaged integrated circuits 26 and 28in one embodiment of the present invention.

The integrated memory components 18 may be stacked flash memoryintegrated circuits in one embodiment of the present invention. However,other non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memories may also be used,including electrically eraseable read only memory, polymer memory,ovonic, or phase change memory, and static random access memory, tomention a few examples.

The integrated circuits 26 and 28 may be separately packaged in oneembodiment. In another embodiment, the circuits 26 and 28 are containedwithin the same package. In still other embodiments, the components 18and 22 may be part of the same integrated circuit. In some cases, theboard or socket 21 may not be used.

The integrated memory components 18 would have been programmedconventionally by connecting a memory bus (not shown) from thecomponents 18 to a memory programmer 16 that may be part of amanufacturing system 14. However, such a memory bus commonly uses around50 pins. This increases the form factor of the package for thecomponents 18 and thereby increases cost.

However, in the system 10 shown in FIG. 1, the memory programmer 16,which may be part of a manufacturing system 14, may be plugged into theboard or socket 21 to communicate with the integrated memory components18 through the application processor 22 and its physical interface 24.Thus, the memory programmer 16 may program the components 18 indirectlythrough the application processor 22. Effectively, in one embodiment,the application processor 22 may handle high speed data from theinterface 24, buffer that data, and then feed the buffered data, at aslower rate, to the memory to be programmed.

In some embodiments of the present invention, software 48 may beexecuted by the application processor 22 to facilitate the programmingof the components 18. As a result, it is no longer necessary to couple amemory bus to the components 18. Instead, a memory bus connection 29 maybe established between the processor 22 and the component 18. In someembodiments, this may reduce form factor, decrease cost, and increaseprogramming speed, which reduces manufacturing program time. Increasingprogramming speed may increase manufacturing throughput and furtherdecrease costs in some embodiments.

Referring next to FIG. 2, the physical interface 24 may be a high speed,high bandwidth serial link that, in one embodiment, may be the MobileScalable Link from Intel Corporation. As another example, the interface24 may be one compliant with the Universal Serial Bus Revision 2.0specification (Apr. 27, 2000) available from the USB Implementers Forum,Inc., Portland, Oreg. 97221. The interface 24 may couple the applicationprocessor 22 with a baseband processor (not shown). For example, in oneembodiment, the application processor 22 may include a processorinternal connection 22 a and the board 21 may have a similar connection22 b.

The interface 24, in one embodiment, may include a pair ofunidirectional, high speed links 36 and 38 for connecting two nodes madeup of connections 22 a and 22 b.

Transmit first-in-first-out (FIFO) buffers 30 may couple to an outboundlink 36 and to the internal connection 22 a in one embodiment. Aninbound link 38 may couple to the receive first-in-first-out (FIFO)buffers 32 to the internal connection 22 a. Each link 36 and 38 mayreceive a clock signal, one to four data channels, a channel identifier,and a wait pin, as indicated by FIG. 2. While a hardware depiction forthe interface 24 is illustrated, the present invention is in no waylimited to a particular hardware architecture.

Referring to FIG. 3, a software stack for the interface 24 may belogically divided into three layers 42, 44, and 46 in one embodiment.The logical link control layer 42 may provide general framing to higherlayer packets and may help establish connections between nodes. Thephysical link control layer 44 may multiplex higher layer packets overthe available interface physical channels and provide quality of servicefunctionality. The physical link manager layer 46 may interface with lowlevel platform elements, like direct memory access and interrupts, andmay help in actual data transfer. The physical link manager layer 46 mayalso deal with overall link configuration and power management. While asoftware stack is depicted in FIG. 3, the present invention is in no waylimited to any particular software architecture.

In some embodiments, a memory bus need not be connected to external pinson the package for the integrated memory components 18. Instead, theexternal manufacturing system 14 may provide programming data over thephysical interface 24 and the application processor 22 then programs thememory components 18.

In one embodiment, the components 18 may be effectively stacked on oneanother and on top of an integrated circuit 26, including theapplication processor 22. This arrangement may result in more efficientcommunications between the various components. The components 18, thememory 20, and the processor 22, when implemented on differentintegrated circuits, may be packaged together in one integrated circuitpackage. However, the present invention is not limited to any type ofstacking or packaging of the various elements.

Software 48 for facilitating the programming of the integrated memorycomponents 18 may be stored on the application processor 22 in oneembodiment. However, the software 48 may be located in the internalmemory 20 or at any other location. In one embodiment, the software 48is stored in non-volatile memory.

Referring to FIG. 4, the program software 48 begins by receiving highspeed transfer of programming data from the memory programmer 16 overthe interface 24 as indicated in block 50. The software 48 causes theapplication processor 22 to buffer the received data in a volatilememory as indicated in block 52. The volatile memory may be part of theinternal memory 20 in one embodiment of the present invention. Thebuffer data is thereafter provided to the memory components 18 to beprogrammed as indicated in block 54. The provision of such data may beat a rate commensurate with the rate of programming of the integratedmemory components 18. That rate may be significantly slower than therate at which the data may be transferred from the memory programmer 16across the interface 24 and processed by the processor 22 in someembodiments. Thus, in such embodiments, the processor 22 may transformthe speed of data transferred to accommodate the integrated memorycomponents 18, while at the same time allowing the memory programmer 16to transfer the data quickly. Transferring the data quickly increasesthe manufacturing throughput.

Referring to FIG. 5, in accordance with one embodiment of the presentinvention, the board or socket 21 may have received thereon a largenumber of multi-component packages 12, each including a processor 48 andintegrated memory components 18. The packages 12 may receive power fromthe board or socket 21. Each processor 22 may be coupled by anappropriate electrical connection to the memory programmer 16.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the memory programmer 16programs one or more of the packages 12 at a time. Data may be streamedto some number less than all of the packages 12 and then, once theprogramming data has been transferred, the memory programmer 16 may befree to move on to program other packages 12 on the board or socket 21.

Thus, in one embodiment of the present invention, the programming datamay be transferred at a high speed from the programmer 16 for processingby the application processor 22. Thereafter, the memory programmer 16may subsequently provide data to a different package 12. While thememory programmer 16 is continuing to access subsequent packages 12 andpotentially thereafter, the processor 22 functions to transfer thebuffered data to actually program the integrated memory components 18.

In other words, the programming of the integrated memory components 18may proceed during and after the actual provision of data from thememory programmer 16. This may free the programmer 16 to move on toother packages 12 and, subsequently, to other boards or sockets 21 ifneed be. As a result, manufacturing throughput may be increased in someembodiments.

While the present invention has been described with respect to a limitednumber of embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate numerousmodifications and variations therefrom. It is intended that the appendedclaims cover all such modifications and variations as fall within thetrue spirit and scope of this present invention.

1. An article comprising a medium storing instructions that, ifexecuted, enable a processor-based system to: receive data at a firstdata rate; buffer said data; and provide said data at a second data rateslower than said first data rate to a semiconductor memory to beprogrammed.
 2. The article of claim 1 further storing instructions that,if executed, enable the processor-based system to receive programmingdata over a serial link.
 3. The article of claim 1 further storinginstructions that, if executed, enable the processor-baised system totransfer data from a package including said processor to a separatepackage including said memory to be programmed.